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#26 2012-07-21 15:23:47

noelevans
Member
Registered: 2012-07-20
Posts: 236

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

Yes.  I see nothing wrong with that equality even if x=0.  It's the step
x^(1-1) = x^1 * x^(-1) that I have trouble with when x=0.  It appears to be applying the law of exponents x^(a+b) = x^a * x^b.  When x=0 and b=-1 the second factor is 0^(-1) which is what I have trouble with.  To me this is indicating the reciprocal of 0 (equivalent notationally to 1/0) which the multiplicative inverse axiom precludes.  smile


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#27 2012-07-21 15:49:09

anonimnystefy
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From: Harlan's World
Registered: 2011-05-23
Posts: 16,049

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

Yes, it is applying that identity, which should be true for all x,a and b. But because this leads to division by zero, we rather leave 0^0 as undefined.


“Here lies the reader who will never open this book. He is forever dead.
“Taking a new step, uttering a new word, is what people fear most.” ― Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment
The knowledge of some things as a function of age is a delta function.

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#28 2012-07-21 16:38:22

noelevans
Member
Registered: 2012-07-20
Posts: 236

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

Yes.  I agree that x^0 = x^(1-1) even if x=0.  It's the x^(1-1) = x^1 * x^(-1)  I have trouble with.
It appears to me that this is an application of the exponent rule x^(n+m) = x^n * x^m.  But when x=0 the right hand side has the factor 0^(-1) which to me indicates the reciprocal of zero which does not exist.  So it seems a law of exponents is being applied to an expression that has in it an undefined quantity.  That appears to me to be an invalid step.  smile

Oops!  I thought post #26 got lost in hyperspace, so I redid it as #28.

Last edited by noelevans (2012-07-22 12:08:43)


Writing "pretty" math (two dimensional) is easier to read and grasp than LaTex (one dimensional).
LaTex is like painting on many strips of paper and then stacking them to see what picture they make.

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#29 2012-07-21 16:45:27

anonimnystefy
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From: Harlan's World
Registered: 2011-05-23
Posts: 16,049

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

It leads to an undetermined expression for x=0 so that means the starting expression is also undetermined for x=0.


“Here lies the reader who will never open this book. He is forever dead.
“Taking a new step, uttering a new word, is what people fear most.” ― Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment
The knowledge of some things as a function of age is a delta function.

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#30 2012-07-22 11:10:51

cmowla
Member
Registered: 2012-06-14
Posts: 70

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

anonimnystefy wrote:

[...], so x^0=x^(1-1)=x/x. Now, when you want to see what 0^0 is, yo would get that it is the same as 0/0, which is indeterminate i.e. undefined.

JaneFairfax wrote:

Not that one. Here is the flawed step:

bossk171 wrote:

Compare that with this:

Also, http://mathworld.wolfram.com/ExponentLaws.html

anonimnystefy wrote:

Yes, it is applying that identity, which should be true for all x,a and b. But because this leads to division by zero, we rather leave 0^0 as undefined.

But by my argument (post #21), 0^0 can be defined to be either 0 or 1.  If it was undefined, then we couldn't add integers!

And I don't know about the argument

Since

is discontinuous at the origin,
is undefined

because what about

, which never goes through the origin.  And if you graph
, it has strange behavior not just at the origin.

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#31 2012-07-22 12:47:13

noelevans
Member
Registered: 2012-07-20
Posts: 236

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

0/0 is symbolism in calculus for an indeterminate form, not for a number in the Reals.
Since 0 has no multiplicative inverse 0/0 which would come from the definition of division and the product of 0 with its reciprocal is NOT an ALLOWABLE construct in the field; that is, we shouldn't even be writing it and viewing it as if it might be a real number.

Also when defining fractions starting with the whole numbers W={0,1,2,3,...} they are typically defined by the set F = { p/q | p and q are whole numbers and q is not zero }.  There is no member of this set F that has a zero in the denominator.  To write 2/0 for example is to write something that is not a fraction.

But 0^0 as argued earlier is not equivalent to 0/0.  We are not then constrained to leave it out of our definition.  We can leave it out of our definition of exponentiation or make our defininition of
exponentiation include it.  If left out of the definition it remains undefined.  If we include it in our definition then one would hope that it would make sense.  Defining ... x^3=1*x*x*x,  x^2=1*x*x , x^1=1*x and following this "pattern" sensibly produces x^0 = 1 (multiplied by no x's).

I like 0^0 = 1 because as stated several times already it sure is CONVENIENT.  One convenience not mentioned before is that for expressions in algebra like (2x-1)^0, this equals 1 when x=1/2.  So we don't have to make an exception and say that (2x-1)^0 =1 EXCEPT when x=1/2.

     smile                                                            smile                                                          smile


Writing "pretty" math (two dimensional) is easier to read and grasp than LaTex (one dimensional).
LaTex is like painting on many strips of paper and then stacking them to see what picture they make.

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#32 2012-07-22 23:53:29

anonimnystefy
Real Member
From: Harlan's World
Registered: 2011-05-23
Posts: 16,049

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

My argument from the other topic, Don Blazys', applies here, too. If we remove the removable singularity, we won't get the same function.


“Here lies the reader who will never open this book. He is forever dead.
“Taking a new step, uttering a new word, is what people fear most.” ― Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment
The knowledge of some things as a function of age is a delta function.

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#33 2012-12-14 17:12:38

mathaholic
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From: Earth
Registered: 2012-11-29
Posts: 3,251

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?


Mathaholic | 10th most active poster | Maker of the 350,000th post | Person | rrr's classmate
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#34 2012-12-14 22:58:52

anonimnystefy
Real Member
From: Harlan's World
Registered: 2011-05-23
Posts: 16,049

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

There is no reason to put that into hide tags...


“Here lies the reader who will never open this book. He is forever dead.
“Taking a new step, uttering a new word, is what people fear most.” ― Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment
The knowledge of some things as a function of age is a delta function.

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#35 2013-01-26 04:53:42

n872yt3r
Member
Registered: 2013-01-21
Posts: 392

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

I consider -0 infinity, because it is beyond definition and 0^0 is the same.


- n872yt3r
Math Is Fun Rocks! smile
By the power of the exponent, I square and cube you! cool

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#36 2013-01-26 15:01:46

bobbym
bumpkin
From: Bumpkinland
Registered: 2009-04-12
Posts: 109,606

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

The best exaplnation is right here

http://www.askamathematician.com/2010/1 … -disagree/

0^0 = 1


In mathematics, you don't understand things. You just get used to them.
If it ain't broke, fix it until it is.
Always satisfy the Prime Directive of getting the right answer above all else.

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#37 2013-02-06 21:23:13

anonimnystefy
Real Member
From: Harlan's World
Registered: 2011-05-23
Posts: 16,049

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

The "cleverest" student is also erring, because, just because the limit is 1 at that point, doesn't mean that the value of that function at that point is 1.

Here is a great explanation of why 0^0 is undefined... Problems with zero by numberphile.


“Here lies the reader who will never open this book. He is forever dead.
“Taking a new step, uttering a new word, is what people fear most.” ― Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment
The knowledge of some things as a function of age is a delta function.

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#38 2013-02-06 21:26:10

bobbym
bumpkin
From: Bumpkinland
Registered: 2009-04-12
Posts: 109,606

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

I have to disagree, it is not undefined. It is defined as 1 for convenience.


In mathematics, you don't understand things. You just get used to them.
If it ain't broke, fix it until it is.
Always satisfy the Prime Directive of getting the right answer above all else.

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#39 2013-02-06 21:32:03

anonimnystefy
Real Member
From: Harlan's World
Registered: 2011-05-23
Posts: 16,049

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

Who says so?

Did you watch that video I just posted?


“Here lies the reader who will never open this book. He is forever dead.
“Taking a new step, uttering a new word, is what people fear most.” ― Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment
The knowledge of some things as a function of age is a delta function.

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#40 2013-02-06 21:35:42

bobbym
bumpkin
From: Bumpkinland
Registered: 2009-04-12
Posts: 109,606

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

Hi;

The mathematician said so, you obviously did not read the link I gave. Now why would I go and confuse myself by hearing what some amateur does not like about the definition?


In mathematics, you don't understand things. You just get used to them.
If it ain't broke, fix it until it is.
Always satisfy the Prime Directive of getting the right answer above all else.

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#41 2013-02-06 21:38:03

Bob
Administrator
Registered: 2010-06-20
Posts: 10,010

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

Hi Stefy

I say so.

http://www.mathisfunforum.com/viewtopic … 62#p252062

Post 29.

I wrote:

It is occasionally useful to define an expression as having a certain value because the formulas work better that way.

Bob


Children are not defined by school ...........The Fonz
You cannot teach a man anything;  you can only help him find it within himself..........Galileo Galilei
Sometimes I deliberately make mistakes, just to test you!  …………….Bob smile

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#42 2013-02-06 21:51:04

anonimnystefy
Real Member
From: Harlan's World
Registered: 2011-05-23
Posts: 16,049

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

Hm, okay then. But what are the privileges of defining 0.999... to "exist" as a mathematical concept and be equal to 1?


“Here lies the reader who will never open this book. He is forever dead.
“Taking a new step, uttering a new word, is what people fear most.” ― Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment
The knowledge of some things as a function of age is a delta function.

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#43 2013-02-06 21:54:34

bobbym
bumpkin
From: Bumpkinland
Registered: 2009-04-12
Posts: 109,606

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

For one thing we would have to replace the geometric sum with some other answer. Pretty messy!


In mathematics, you don't understand things. You just get used to them.
If it ain't broke, fix it until it is.
Always satisfy the Prime Directive of getting the right answer above all else.

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#44 2013-02-06 21:58:22

anonimnystefy
Real Member
From: Harlan's World
Registered: 2011-05-23
Posts: 16,049

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

Like what?


“Here lies the reader who will never open this book. He is forever dead.
“Taking a new step, uttering a new word, is what people fear most.” ― Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment
The knowledge of some things as a function of age is a delta function.

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#45 2013-02-06 22:04:39

bobbym
bumpkin
From: Bumpkinland
Registered: 2009-04-12
Posts: 109,606

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

Hi;

Please evealuate this sum using the rule for geometric sums.

Hint


In mathematics, you don't understand things. You just get used to them.
If it ain't broke, fix it until it is.
Always satisfy the Prime Directive of getting the right answer above all else.

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#46 2013-02-06 22:12:59

anonimnystefy
Real Member
From: Harlan's World
Registered: 2011-05-23
Posts: 16,049

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

Last edited by anonimnystefy (2013-02-06 22:14:13)


“Here lies the reader who will never open this book. He is forever dead.
“Taking a new step, uttering a new word, is what people fear most.” ― Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment
The knowledge of some things as a function of age is a delta function.

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#47 2013-02-06 22:16:45

bobbym
bumpkin
From: Bumpkinland
Registered: 2009-04-12
Posts: 109,606

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

Yes, so we would have do away with this:

Want to see a reason why we need 0^0 = 1?


In mathematics, you don't understand things. You just get used to them.
If it ain't broke, fix it until it is.
Always satisfy the Prime Directive of getting the right answer above all else.

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#48 2013-02-06 22:20:13

anonimnystefy
Real Member
From: Harlan's World
Registered: 2011-05-23
Posts: 16,049

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

No, the 0^0 is okay.

0.999... isn't. Making 0.999... barred from mathematics makes as much sense as making it equal to 1


“Here lies the reader who will never open this book. He is forever dead.
“Taking a new step, uttering a new word, is what people fear most.” ― Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment
The knowledge of some things as a function of age is a delta function.

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#49 2013-02-06 22:22:11

bobbym
bumpkin
From: Bumpkinland
Registered: 2009-04-12
Posts: 109,606

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

You did not understand.

Which you have already said was 1 because of the sum of a geometric series.


In mathematics, you don't understand things. You just get used to them.
If it ain't broke, fix it until it is.
Always satisfy the Prime Directive of getting the right answer above all else.

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#50 2013-02-06 22:25:05

anonimnystefy
Real Member
From: Harlan's World
Registered: 2011-05-23
Posts: 16,049

Re: 0^0 equals 1 or undefined?

No, that sum is 1.


“Here lies the reader who will never open this book. He is forever dead.
“Taking a new step, uttering a new word, is what people fear most.” ― Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Crime and Punishment
The knowledge of some things as a function of age is a delta function.

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