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#1503 Re: This is Cool » Interesting suggestions about floor[x] » 2005-12-28 07:50:20

How did I Came up with that?
I'll explain.

The function x - floor[x] = {x} is periodic with period 1. (picture 1)
I wanted to represent {x} with trigonometric functions.
First, ArcCos[Sin[x+Pi/2]]= |x| for x ∈ [-Pi,Pi] and this function is peridic with period 2Pi.
Let ArcCos[Sin[x+Pi/2]]=be[x]. (picture 2)
I reduced be[x] to have period 1:
ber[x]=be[Pi x].
Now you can notice that if x ∈(2n,2n+1) ber[x] ≡ {x} and if x∈(2m-1,2m) 1-ber[x]≡{x} ; n,m∈N. This is ecvivalent to:
Now i have to find function g[x]:
{|g[x]-ber[x]|}≡{x}, so
g[x]=
1. 0, if x ∈(2n,2n+1)
2. 1, if x ∈(2m-1,2m)
If I find function that changes its sign in period of 1, I'll be able to reduce it to g[x].
I can take a periodic function, for example sin[x]. (picture 3)
It has period Pi. We need period 1. So we'll use
sinr[x]=sin[Pi x] (picture 4)
The new function has period 1.
Now we construct function that gives us the sign of sinr[x]:
ss[x]=sinr[x]/(|sinr[x]|) (picture 5)
If x∈(2m-1,2m) ss[x]=-1
If x∈(2n,2n+1) ss[x]=1.
Now the only thing we need is a function q(x) for such
q[-1]=1
q[1]=0
This is linear function:
-a+b=1 && a+b=0 => 2a+1=0 => a=-1/2;b=1/2
so
q[x]=-1/2x+1/2
and q[ss[x]]=g[x] and
(|q[ss[x]]-ber[x]|)={x}
and
Floor[x]=x-(|q[ss[x]]|)
And when you simplify and substitute modulus with sqr(x^2) you should get the second example.
The final result depends on what periodic shall we take.

#1506 Re: This is Cool » Interesting suggestions about floor[x] » 2005-12-28 06:51:23

I'll try to find function for all x.
Can someone help me?

#1509 Re: This is Cool » Integral relationship » 2005-12-28 03:21:47

And we can form something like that for definite integrals:

#1512 Re: Help Me ! » Curve Equation » 2005-12-28 00:46:03

arctan(x) also has two horizontal asymptotes.
But I think that these functions cannot be adapted for this graph, because it is not symmetric.

#1513 Re: Help Me ! » Very interesting problems.. » 2005-12-28 00:37:14

I can't understand. Thes smallest solution is
{n^2}, n=1
or if n > 1 {i,n^2-i}, n=2.

#1514 Re: Jai Ganesh's Puzzles » Problems and Solutions » 2005-12-28 00:17:51

Triangle MHO is simular to triangle OHB.
Let yr=h. then hr=yr²=x. But
x²=y²+h²
(yr²)²=y²+y²r²
Let f = r². Then
f²=1+f
f²-f-1=0
D=1+4=5
f= (1+sqrt(5))/2
r=x/h=2x/2h=AB/BC=sqrt((1+sqrt(5))/2)

#1517 Re: Jai Ganesh's Puzzles » Problems and Solutions » 2005-12-27 23:35:46

And for k+47
Not I understood that the product of the numbers must be divisible by 10. When i wrote the my post i though that the SUM must be divisible by 10. My mistake.

#1518 Re: Jai Ganesh's Puzzles » Problems and Solutions » 2005-12-27 22:47:58

k+28
My last proof wasn't correct at all.
In it i proved only that
LCM(1^n,2^n, ... ,n^n)/n^2!
But LCM(1^n,2^n, ...n^n) {!=} n!^n

Then I proved that
(n-k)^(n+k)/n^2!
but this wasn't enough.

I found a beautiful number theory proof with prime numbers, floors and an numberic theory theorem:
Let write n! as

, where p_1 , p_2 ... ,p_k ∈ P(prime numbers) and p_k = max(p ∈ P : p <= n). Then
.
Let write n^2! ia the same way:
.
To proof that n!^n/n^2! it is enough to proof that


...

Now we will use a theorem from the numeric theory:
The biggest power of the prime number p that divides n! is exactly

,
where [x] means Floor(x).
Now we are using it:

Now, at last, we will prove that


We use the following:
If n ∈ N and x ∈ R then
[nx]=[n([x]+{x})]=[n[x]+n{x}]=n[x]+[n{x}] >= n[x];

so
=>
<=>
=>
.

#1519 Re: Jai Ganesh's Puzzles » Problems and Solutions » 2005-12-27 22:42:03

Yesterday I solved two of the unsolved problems. When i have time, i'll post the solutions.

#1522 Re: Help Me ! » derivative of an exponential function » 2005-12-26 18:31:22

x^4*3^x(5+x*ln 3)=x^4*3^x*x(5/x+ln3)=x^5*3^x*(5/x+ln3)

#1524 Re: Dark Discussions at Cafe Infinity » Rubic's Cube solution » 2005-12-26 10:39:07

The third level is truely the worst. I've got 4 operations and very unlike logic for solving it. And first I wanted to solve it by mathematical way. You can form a matrc transformations and matric equations but it goes bery slow.

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